Moreover, the Fe 2+ released from degraded Gel-FeS NPs still displayed an antiviral effect, demonstrating the advantage of Gel-FeS NPs as an antiviral nanomaterial compared to other nanomaterials. The synthesized Gel-FeS NPs exhibited good dispersibility and biocompatibility as well as effective inhibition on PRRSV proliferation. We reported for the first time the virucidal and antiviral activity of Gel-FeS NPs. Additionally, they were characterized with good biocompatibility and high antiviral activity against PRRSV proliferation in the stages of adsorption, invasion, and replication. The prepared Gel-FeS NPs exhibited good stability and dispersibility with an average diameter of 47.3 nm. In this study, gelatin stabilized FeS nanoparticles (Gel-FeS NPs) were large-scale synthesized rapidly by the one-pot method of co-precipitation of Fe 2+ and S 2‒. However, there is no report on the application of FeS NPs in the antiviral field. Ferrous sulfide nanoparticles (FeS NPs) with the characteristics of high reactivity, large specific surface area, and low cost are widely applied to environmental remediation, catalysis, energy storage and medicine. Nanomaterials can interact with viruses and have attracted much attention due to their large specific surface area and unique physicochemical properties. infection and spread of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) pose a serious threat to the global pig industry, and inhibiting the viral infection process is a promising treatment strategy. 4 State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
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